Antarctica is one of the most remote and isolated places on Earth. As the coldest and windiest continent on the planet according to the United States Antarctic Program, Antarctica does not have permanent countries, cities or residents. The extreme weather conditions make getting to and living on the continent very challenging.

The United States’ main station on the continent, McMurdo Station, has a mean average annual temperature of 0°F, with temperatures getting as high as 46°F in the summer and as low as −58°F in the winter, with average winds of 12 knots. According to the U.S. National Science Foundation, the population of McMurdo Station goes up to 1,100 people at the height of the summer season and decreases to about 200 people during the winter.